Dhurjati (15th and 16th centuries, CE) was a Telugu poet in the court of the king Krishnadevaraya and was one of the astadiggajas (literally eight elephants) there.
[edit] Biography
He was born to Singamma and Narayana in Sri Kalahasti and was the grandson of Jakkayya. He was a great devotee of lord Shiva, also known as Kalahasteeshwara. He referred to his birth place as part of Pottapi Nadu, named after an earlier Chola kingdom based from Pottapi in Cuddapah in his works.
[edit] Works
His works are to the praise of the God Siva. His famous works include Sri Kalahasteeshwara Mahatyam (The grace/miracles of lord Shiva) and Sri Kalahasteeshwara Satakam (100+ poems in the praise of lord Shiva).
He was known as Pedda Dhurjati (Elder in Telugu) Dhurjati as there were four other people from the same family line who went by the name of Dhurjati during the same period and after him. His grandson Venkataraya Dhurjati wrote Indumati Parinayam(marriage of Indumati), a story from Kalidasa's Raghuvamsam.
He is also credited with many chatuvus, stand alone extempore poems.
[edit] Style
Like other contemporaries during Prabhanda period, he has taken theme from Puranas and added local stories and myths in his work. Unlike his contemporaries like Peddana and Mallana, who have chosen the stories of kings for their works, he choose devotion as the theme of his fiction.
Friday, February 27, 2009
Pampa , Kannada Poet
Pampa is a famous Kannada poet of 10th century AD. He was born in Vemulavada of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. He is contemporary of another two famous poet namely Ranna and Ponnna. There were together known as ``Ratna-Traya`, which means three gems. He is regarded as one of the greatest poets of Kannada literature and is proudly remembered even today. Pampa was writing his works in Kannada when the Chalukyas of Badami were ruling in that area. Pampa is also popularly known as `Adi Pampa`. It is believed that he was born in 902 AD.
Pampa was the poet in the court of the ruler named Arikesarin of Rashtrakuta factory. The two great compositions of Pampa are `Adi Purana` and `Vikramarjana-Vijaya`, which is well known as `Pampa Bharata` in 942 A.D. He wrote them when he was only thirty-nine years old. Pampa`s father `Abhiramaradevaraya` converted to Jainism from originally being a Brahman and thus Pampa continued to be a staunch follower of Jainism all through his life. According to his younger brother Jinavallabha`s `Gangadharam` inscription, his father was also known as `Bheemappayya` and his mother`s name was Abbanabbe, who hailed from Annigeri, a part of the Kannada country.
`Adi Purana` is a composition of Pampa, which describes about the history of the first of the twenty-four Jaina Tirthankaras named Rishabha (or Vrishabha). He is considered as the `Adi Kavi` or `first poet` of Kannada. The `Pampa Bharata` is the composition by the poet Pampa, which got him the great recognition as a poet. This was a writing, which was based on the reduced version of the Vysa `Mahabharata`. This writing of Pampa brought `Mahabharata` within the reach of all people of ancient Karnataka area. Pampa also tried to immortalise his king Arikesarin in this work by identifying him with the hero of the epic `Arjuna`. In this reduced form of `Mahabharata`, Pampa has not left out any major incident and has also brought the essential traits of all the characters of the epic in it. His `Pampa Bharata` is not a mere translation but has much originality in it, which shows the imagination and talent of this versatile poet. In all his writing, the love for his homeland, the ancient Karnataka is quite visible. Pampa was also well enough in Sanskrit writings.
Pampa was the poet in the court of the ruler named Arikesarin of Rashtrakuta factory. The two great compositions of Pampa are `Adi Purana` and `Vikramarjana-Vijaya`, which is well known as `Pampa Bharata` in 942 A.D. He wrote them when he was only thirty-nine years old. Pampa`s father `Abhiramaradevaraya` converted to Jainism from originally being a Brahman and thus Pampa continued to be a staunch follower of Jainism all through his life. According to his younger brother Jinavallabha`s `Gangadharam` inscription, his father was also known as `Bheemappayya` and his mother`s name was Abbanabbe, who hailed from Annigeri, a part of the Kannada country.
`Adi Purana` is a composition of Pampa, which describes about the history of the first of the twenty-four Jaina Tirthankaras named Rishabha (or Vrishabha). He is considered as the `Adi Kavi` or `first poet` of Kannada. The `Pampa Bharata` is the composition by the poet Pampa, which got him the great recognition as a poet. This was a writing, which was based on the reduced version of the Vysa `Mahabharata`. This writing of Pampa brought `Mahabharata` within the reach of all people of ancient Karnataka area. Pampa also tried to immortalise his king Arikesarin in this work by identifying him with the hero of the epic `Arjuna`. In this reduced form of `Mahabharata`, Pampa has not left out any major incident and has also brought the essential traits of all the characters of the epic in it. His `Pampa Bharata` is not a mere translation but has much originality in it, which shows the imagination and talent of this versatile poet. In all his writing, the love for his homeland, the ancient Karnataka is quite visible. Pampa was also well enough in Sanskrit writings.
Viswanatha Satyanarayana
Viswanatha Satyanarayana (10 September 1895 – 18 October 1976), popularly known as the Kavi Samraat (Emperor of Poetry), was a modern Telugu poet.
He was a disciple of the Tirupati Venkata Kavulu duo. Viswanatha's style of poetry was classical in nature and his popular works include Ramayana Kalpa Vrikshamu (A resourceful tree called Ramayana), Kinnersani patalu (Mermaid songs) and Veyipadagalu (The Thousand Hoods).
He was awarded the Jnanpith Award and Padma Bhushan in 1970.
The parallel "free-verse" movement in easy prose of Telugu literature criticized him as a bigot who hung onto the strict rules of prosody such as Yati, Prasa (rhyme) and Chandassu (meter).
Contents
[hide]
* 1 Early life
* 2 Early career
* 3 Literary career
* 4 Personal life
* 5 Awards and recognitions
* 6 References
* 7 External links
[edit] Early life
Satyanarayana was born to Shobhanadri and Parvati Devi, an affluent Vaidik Brahmin family. He had an elder sister and two younger brothers.
His father was a philanthropist and a devotee of Lord Shiva. In 1902, he brought an idol of Shiva Linga from Benares and built a temple dedicated to Lord Shiva in Nandamuru. Thus, Lord Sri Visweswara became their family Deity.
After his schooling in the village, Satyanarayana had his early education at the National College, Machilipatnam. He obtained the masters degree in Sanskrit from the University of Madras in 1929. During his stay at Masulipatam, he came under the influence of Chellapilla Venkata Sastry, Pingali Lakshmikantam and Katuri Venkateswara Rao.
He began writing at the age of 14.
[edit] Early career
Satyanarayana taught in various colleges in Guntur, Vijayawada, Machilipatnam and Karimnagar. In 1961, he retired as principal of Government College in Karimnagar and devoted his time wholly to writing. Even while working as a teacher, he used to engage himself in creative writing of a very serious nature.
[edit] Literary career
Viswanatha's literary works includes 30 poems, 20 plays, 60 novels, 10 critical estimates, 200 Khand kavyas, 35 short stories, three playlets, 70 essays, 50 radio plays, 10 essays in English, 10 works is Sanskrit, three translations, 100 introductions and forewords as well as radio talks. Some of his poems and novels have been translated into English, Hindi, Tamil, Malayalam, Urdu and Sanskrit.
Veyipadagalu was later translated into Hindi by former Prime Minister PV Narasimha Rao.
* Aaru nadulu
* Amrita Sharmisthan
* Anarkali
* Andhraprasasti
* Beddanna Senani
* Bhramara vaasini
* Bhrashta Yogi
* Chandra guptuni swapnam
* Cheliyali Katta
* Chitlee Chitlani Gaajulu
* Dhanya kailaasam (a drama)
* Dhooma Rekha
* Ekaveera
* Girikumarini Prema Geetalu
* Kadimi Chettu
* Kasmira rajatarangini
* Kinnerasani Patalu
* Ma Babu
* Mihirakuludu
* Nartanasala
* Purana vaira grandha mala
* Sasidutam
* Sri Krishna Sangeetamu
* Srimad Ramayana Kalpa Vrukshamu
* Sringara Veedhi
* Swarganiki Nicchenalu
* Trisulam
* Varalakshmi Trisati
* Vishnu Sarma Englishu Chaduvu
* Visweswara Satakam
* Veyipadagalu
[edit] Personal life
He was married when he was 11 years old.
[edit] Awards and recognitions
* Kala Prapoorna by Andhra University
* Jnanpith award by Government of India
The citation of Jnanpith read as follows: As a Poet of classic vision and virility, as a novelist and playwright of deep insight and impact, as an essayist and literary critic of force and felicity, and as a stylist of rare range Mr. Satyanarayana has carved for himself a place of eminence amongst the immortals of Telugu Literature. His ceaseless creativity and versatility have kept him in the forefront of contemporary Telugu Literary Scene.
[edit]
He was a disciple of the Tirupati Venkata Kavulu duo. Viswanatha's style of poetry was classical in nature and his popular works include Ramayana Kalpa Vrikshamu (A resourceful tree called Ramayana), Kinnersani patalu (Mermaid songs) and Veyipadagalu (The Thousand Hoods).
He was awarded the Jnanpith Award and Padma Bhushan in 1970.
The parallel "free-verse" movement in easy prose of Telugu literature criticized him as a bigot who hung onto the strict rules of prosody such as Yati, Prasa (rhyme) and Chandassu (meter).
Contents
[hide]
* 1 Early life
* 2 Early career
* 3 Literary career
* 4 Personal life
* 5 Awards and recognitions
* 6 References
* 7 External links
[edit] Early life
Satyanarayana was born to Shobhanadri and Parvati Devi, an affluent Vaidik Brahmin family. He had an elder sister and two younger brothers.
His father was a philanthropist and a devotee of Lord Shiva. In 1902, he brought an idol of Shiva Linga from Benares and built a temple dedicated to Lord Shiva in Nandamuru. Thus, Lord Sri Visweswara became their family Deity.
After his schooling in the village, Satyanarayana had his early education at the National College, Machilipatnam. He obtained the masters degree in Sanskrit from the University of Madras in 1929. During his stay at Masulipatam, he came under the influence of Chellapilla Venkata Sastry, Pingali Lakshmikantam and Katuri Venkateswara Rao.
He began writing at the age of 14.
[edit] Early career
Satyanarayana taught in various colleges in Guntur, Vijayawada, Machilipatnam and Karimnagar. In 1961, he retired as principal of Government College in Karimnagar and devoted his time wholly to writing. Even while working as a teacher, he used to engage himself in creative writing of a very serious nature.
[edit] Literary career
Viswanatha's literary works includes 30 poems, 20 plays, 60 novels, 10 critical estimates, 200 Khand kavyas, 35 short stories, three playlets, 70 essays, 50 radio plays, 10 essays in English, 10 works is Sanskrit, three translations, 100 introductions and forewords as well as radio talks. Some of his poems and novels have been translated into English, Hindi, Tamil, Malayalam, Urdu and Sanskrit.
Veyipadagalu was later translated into Hindi by former Prime Minister PV Narasimha Rao.
* Aaru nadulu
* Amrita Sharmisthan
* Anarkali
* Andhraprasasti
* Beddanna Senani
* Bhramara vaasini
* Bhrashta Yogi
* Chandra guptuni swapnam
* Cheliyali Katta
* Chitlee Chitlani Gaajulu
* Dhanya kailaasam (a drama)
* Dhooma Rekha
* Ekaveera
* Girikumarini Prema Geetalu
* Kadimi Chettu
* Kasmira rajatarangini
* Kinnerasani Patalu
* Ma Babu
* Mihirakuludu
* Nartanasala
* Purana vaira grandha mala
* Sasidutam
* Sri Krishna Sangeetamu
* Srimad Ramayana Kalpa Vrukshamu
* Sringara Veedhi
* Swarganiki Nicchenalu
* Trisulam
* Varalakshmi Trisati
* Vishnu Sarma Englishu Chaduvu
* Visweswara Satakam
* Veyipadagalu
[edit] Personal life
He was married when he was 11 years old.
[edit] Awards and recognitions
* Kala Prapoorna by Andhra University
* Jnanpith award by Government of India
The citation of Jnanpith read as follows: As a Poet of classic vision and virility, as a novelist and playwright of deep insight and impact, as an essayist and literary critic of force and felicity, and as a stylist of rare range Mr. Satyanarayana has carved for himself a place of eminence amongst the immortals of Telugu Literature. His ceaseless creativity and versatility have kept him in the forefront of contemporary Telugu Literary Scene.
[edit]
Gurajada and Sri Sri, the Telugu poets of this Era
Till eleventh century, literature in Telugu speaking regions was essentially in Sanskrit written by the elite and strictly for the elite. The ordinary apparently had their own form and style of literature known as janapada meaning people's which is not preserved systematically. While the elite literature was concerned about Gods, Goddesses and their love affairs, religion, mythologies etc, the janapada was about the people, their contemporary problems that included at least occasionally a voice of dissent, festivities etc. During that period Raja Raja Narendra the ruler from Rajamandry directed a poet in his court Nannaya to translate Mahabharata from Sanskrit to Telugu. Indeed he translated a portion of it. Other parts were translated by Tikkana and Errana joined both these parts and completed the task. Thus Nannaya officially is the poet who initiated a new trend in Telugu literature. Despite these efforts Telugu and Telugu poets [including Nannaya himself ] could not escape the influence of. Sanskrit. What was written as Telugu was mostly Sanskritandramu . I had an opportunity to see a book titled Bahulaswa Charitramu by Damerla Vengala Nayaka Bhupaludu the raja of Srikalahasty in such style and I could not make out a single poem.
The effective and path breaking change in Telugu literature was due to Mahakavi Gurajada Venkata Appa Rao [1862-1951] popularly known as Gurajada Appa Rao or simply Gurajada, in that he wrote in the language of the people. His play Kanyasulkam was written with the aim of educating people against the evil practice child marriages of buying child brides. The movement against child marriages started by sri Kandukuri Viresalingam was already in progress by that time. Gurajada was successful in his mission. He enjoyed the support of Ananda Gajapati Raju the raja of Vijayanagaram. Such a serious issue was dealt with humour. Readers of the play [Kan..] will burst into laughter while reading the book. I happened to read kanyasulkam and also viewed the play directed by eminent actor/ director [play] sri K .Venkateswara Rao while studying in AndhraUniversity. Very recently I read his heart touching poem puttadi bomma purnamma. I found tears in my eyes as I completed the poem. If any body knowing Telugu is reading this blog I request pl. pl. read that poem. See these patriotic lines of Gurajada [as I tried to translate ].
Patriotism
Love the country brother
Do some good to the other
Hollow words will not matter
Do things that are better
………………………….
…………………………..
Nation means not the soil
Nation means it's own people
………….
……… Gurajada, 1910.
Gurajada translated a Persian poem[ into English , edited later ]which was told to him by raja Ananda Gajapati as follows:
The thief
The thought of her locked by night
Whithin the dungeon of my soul.
But strange to think the burglar's might
Who ran away with jail and all.
All poems of Gurajada are not so flowing may be the spoken language used those days was such. It needs to be mentioned that between Nannaya and Gurajada, the poetry of Vemana was written which is easy to understand and is out standing even today.
The real revolutionary change in Telugu poetry was due to Srirangam Sriniwasa Rao[1910-1983 ]. He was a BA graduate from AVNCollege ,Vizag. He settled in Madras [ now known as Chennai ] writing songs for Telugu films. His words are extremely powerful rather I prefer to say Sri Sri had the capacity to power even the ordinary words. He followed no grammar. He claims to have released Kavita [Telugu poetry] from the chains of grammar which of course is true. As a person he was humorous and had quick wit. He was a Marxist and many youngsters became Marxists on reading his poetry. He was liked very much even by non Marxists for the style and power of his poetry. Sri Sri stands the tallest among the Telugu poets historically. There was a debate on as to who is the Telugu poet of the new era if Gurajada or Sri Sri. Later Sri Sri himself closed the debate saying that he widened the path opened by Gurajada. While Gurajada enjoyed the official patronage Sri Sri was a rebel through out. He surrendered to none. He preferred poverty rather than to accept employment where his views are not honoured. In fact left the jobs as demonstrator in AVNCollege and
as laboratory asst. in Andhra Prabha.
Sri Sri dismantled all the standared only to show his own which none could reach.
Sri Sri won both Government and other prestigious awards. He choose to support the Naxal movement without caring for his age.
Sources:
[1] Gurajada Rachanalu, Visalandhra Publishing House, 2005, Hydrabad.
[2] Sri Sri, Mahaprasthanam , Visalandhra Publishing House, 2006, Hydrabad.
----There is a web site on
Sri Sri
The effective and path breaking change in Telugu literature was due to Mahakavi Gurajada Venkata Appa Rao [1862-1951] popularly known as Gurajada Appa Rao or simply Gurajada, in that he wrote in the language of the people. His play Kanyasulkam was written with the aim of educating people against the evil practice child marriages of buying child brides. The movement against child marriages started by sri Kandukuri Viresalingam was already in progress by that time. Gurajada was successful in his mission. He enjoyed the support of Ananda Gajapati Raju the raja of Vijayanagaram. Such a serious issue was dealt with humour. Readers of the play [Kan..] will burst into laughter while reading the book. I happened to read kanyasulkam and also viewed the play directed by eminent actor/ director [play] sri K .Venkateswara Rao while studying in AndhraUniversity. Very recently I read his heart touching poem puttadi bomma purnamma. I found tears in my eyes as I completed the poem. If any body knowing Telugu is reading this blog I request pl. pl. read that poem. See these patriotic lines of Gurajada [as I tried to translate ].
Patriotism
Love the country brother
Do some good to the other
Hollow words will not matter
Do things that are better
………………………….
…………………………..
Nation means not the soil
Nation means it's own people
………….
……… Gurajada, 1910.
Gurajada translated a Persian poem[ into English , edited later ]which was told to him by raja Ananda Gajapati as follows:
The thief
The thought of her locked by night
Whithin the dungeon of my soul.
But strange to think the burglar's might
Who ran away with jail and all.
All poems of Gurajada are not so flowing may be the spoken language used those days was such. It needs to be mentioned that between Nannaya and Gurajada, the poetry of Vemana was written which is easy to understand and is out standing even today.
The real revolutionary change in Telugu poetry was due to Srirangam Sriniwasa Rao[1910-1983 ]. He was a BA graduate from AVNCollege ,Vizag. He settled in Madras [ now known as Chennai ] writing songs for Telugu films. His words are extremely powerful rather I prefer to say Sri Sri had the capacity to power even the ordinary words. He followed no grammar. He claims to have released Kavita [Telugu poetry] from the chains of grammar which of course is true. As a person he was humorous and had quick wit. He was a Marxist and many youngsters became Marxists on reading his poetry. He was liked very much even by non Marxists for the style and power of his poetry. Sri Sri stands the tallest among the Telugu poets historically. There was a debate on as to who is the Telugu poet of the new era if Gurajada or Sri Sri. Later Sri Sri himself closed the debate saying that he widened the path opened by Gurajada. While Gurajada enjoyed the official patronage Sri Sri was a rebel through out. He surrendered to none. He preferred poverty rather than to accept employment where his views are not honoured. In fact left the jobs as demonstrator in AVNCollege and
as laboratory asst. in Andhra Prabha.
Sri Sri dismantled all the standared only to show his own which none could reach.
Sri Sri won both Government and other prestigious awards. He choose to support the Naxal movement without caring for his age.
Sources:
[1] Gurajada Rachanalu, Visalandhra Publishing House, 2005, Hydrabad.
[2] Sri Sri, Mahaprasthanam , Visalandhra Publishing House, 2006, Hydrabad.
----There is a web site on
Sri Sri
Kavulu,Rachayitalu,Rachayitrulu-Poets & Writers
Allasaani Peddana
Ayyala Raaju Raama Bhadrudu
Bammera Pothana
Bhaaskarudu
Bhadriraju Krishnamoorthy ('Telugu verbal bases: a comparative and descriptive study')
Bhaktha Ramadasu
Bhavaraju Venkata Krishna Rao
Challapilla Venkata Sastry
Chilakamarthi Lakshminarasimham
Chinnaya Soori
Devulapalli Venkata Krishna Sastri
Dhoorjati
Divakarla Tirupati Sastry
Divakarla Venkatavadhani
Dr.Boyi Bheemana
Dr.C Narayana Reddy
Dr.Medasani Mohan (Sahasravadhani)
Dr.Nanduri Ramamohan Rao.
Erraapraggada
Gudipati Venkatachalam
Gurajaada Appaa Rao
Gurram Jhaashuva
Kaladhar
Kandukuri Veeresalingam Pantulu
Konakalla Venkataratnam
Korada Mahadeva Sastri
(Famous for his award winning 'Historical Grammer of Telugu' - a magnificient research work on the development of the language through the centuries)
Korada Ramachandra Kavi
Korada Ramakrishnaiah
(Author of books 'Sandhi', 'Desi' and 'Bhaasotpattikramamu' in addition to others which are used as text books for Graduate students)
Kotha Satyanarayana Chowdary
Maadayagaari Mallana
Molla
Mudigonda Siva Prasad
Munimaanikyam (Barasister parvateesam fame)
Nandi Timmana
Nanduri Subbarao
Nannaya Bhattu
Narayana Theerdhulu (written and complosed Krishna Leela Tarangini in Sanskrit)
Nori Narasimha Sastry
P.V.Narasimha Rao
Paalkuriki Somana
Paanuganti Lakshmi Narasimha Rao
Pingali Soorana
Raamaanujabhushana
Rachakonda viswanadha Sastry (Raavi Sastry)
Ranganaathudu
Shyama Sastry
Sri Sri (Srirangam Srinivaasa Rao)
Mahakavi Sri Sri gaaru gurinchi, vari tanayudu Venkat Srirangam gaaru roopondinchina website.
Sri Krishna Deva Raayalu
Sri Sathya Sai Baba
Srinaadhudu
Tallapaaka Annamaachaaryudu
Tarigonda Venkamma
Tenali Raama Krishna
Thoomu Narasimha dasu
Thyagaiah
Thyagaraaju
Tikkana Somayaji
Tirupati Venkata Kavulu
( Divakarla Tirupati Sastry & Challapilla Venkata Sastry )
Turaga Jayasyamala
Vemana
Vemulavaada Bheemakavi
Viswanaatha Satyanarayana
Yandamuri Veerendranath
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